The Coastal Region
The Coastal Region is the largest wine growing region in the Western Cape and the epicenter of the South African wine industry. This region extends 105 kilometers from north to south and 50 kilometers from east to west. The Atlantic Ocean forms its western border and the Boland massifs to the east. The Hottentot Holland mountains to the south protect it from the influence of the ocean and it is also crossed by small mountainous “islets” (Paarl Rock, Paardeberg and Simonsberg). This region is influenced by both oceans and mountains and there are many microclimates. The climate is Mediterranean and the influence of the oceans is felt more markedly near the coasts but the interior of the region is warmer.
The sub-region: Stellenbosch
Stellenbosch is perhaps South Africa's most famous wine region. The town, located in the Western Cape coastal region, is steeped in history and home to the country's best-known wineries. Cabernet Sauvignon is the most common grape variety in the region and is often combined with Merlot to create blended wines such as in Bordeaux. Vineyards cover the rolling hills of Stellenbosch, from Helderberg in the south to the lower slopes of Simonsberg Mountain in the north. This terrain allows for a wide variety of wine styles, and among the exposed hills and sheltered valleys there are microclimates suitable for growing all kinds of grape varieties. The region's climate is relatively warm and dry, although a maritime influence comes from False Bay in the south. Cooling southeast breezes flow through the vineyards in the afternoon, cooling the grapes after the heat of the morning sun. White wine varieties are often planted closer to the ocean, where this effect is more pronounced.