The Coastal Region
The Coastal Region is the most important wine-growing region in the Western Cape and the epicenter of the South African wine industry. This region extends 105 kilometers from north to south and 50 kilometers from east to west. The Atlantic Ocean forms its western border and the Boland massifs to the east. The Hottentot Holland mountains to the south protect it from the influence of the ocean and it is also crossed by small mountainous “islets” (Paarl Rock, Paardeberg and Simonsberg). This region is influenced by both oceans and mountains and there are many microclimates. The climate is Mediterranean and the influence of the oceans is felt more markedly near the coasts but the interior of the region is warmer.
The sub-region: The Swartland
Traditionally a cereal-producing region, Swartland, whose name means "Black Land" in Dutch, has become in around fifteen years one of the most emblematic wine-growing regions in South Africa. The topography of the region is very varied and vineyards can be found on mountainsides or on the rolling hills that dot the region. The climate is warm Mediterranean with oceanic influences as we get closer to the Atlantic coast. The warm climate greatly reduces the incidence of diseases. The rainfall is 400 mm per year but the region includes many plots of old, non-irrigated vines with very low yields. The floors are mainly composed of slates. There are also pockets of granite particularly around the Paardeberg mountain. Most vineyards are goblet pruned, a pruning which provides strong resistance to heat and drought. The main grape varieties of the region are Grenache, Syrah, Mourvèdre and Chenin Blanc.